What findings did the Whitehall study of British civil servants show us?
The first of the Whitehall studies, or Whitehall I, found higher mortality rates due to all causes for men of lower employment grade. The study also revealed a higher mortality rate specifically due to coronary heart disease for men in the lower employment grade when compared to men in higher grades.
What did the Whitehall study find in the UK about hierarchy rank in humans and how it correlates to stress?
The Whitehall study showed that the lower you were in the hierarchy, the higher your risk of HEART disease and other diseases. Thus, position in the hierarchy intimately related to your risk of disease and length of life. 10. The first stress-related disease discovered was peptic ULCERS.
What does the Whitehall study suggest about job control?
Whitehall II showed that higher employment grade was associated with greater work control and variety (more freedom to make decisions) and faster pace (higher job demands).
What did the Whitehall study focus on psychology?
The original Whitehall Study investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiorespiratory disease prevalence and mortality rates among British male civil servants between the ages of 20 and 64. The initial study, the Whitehall I Study, was conducted over a period of ten years, beginning in 1967.
What is the wealth health gradient?
The wealth/health gradient that was illustrated in the film revealed that health behaviors are influenced by economic status; hence, more wealth leads to better health. The film shows that the lower the grade of employment, the higher the risk of heart disease, and every major cause of death.
What did the Whitehall study reveal about the connection between health and wealth What is the wealth health gradient or social gradient?
What did the Whitehall Study reveal about the connection between health & wealth? The link between the lower grade of employment & the higher rate of disease. What is the health-wealth gradient? People with an education & higher income have longer life expectancies that those who don’t.
What were the overall conclusions of the British Whitehall study and Dr Sapolsky’s research on baboons?
Sapolsky showed that in baboons, the lower the social rank, the greater the stress. The one exception was during periods of instability, when top males faced many challenges and their stress increased. It was good to be king, he found, but a lot better when the realm was quiet.
Is the civil service part of the government?
The civil service is permanent, independent of the government and politically neutral. Politicians make policy (based on a varying mixture of political and civil service advice) and civil servants then implement the policy, whether or not they personally to agree with it.
What did Sir Michael Marmot’s research show about the relationship between rank at work and stress?
In the data, Marmot discovered a crude but clear relationship: the higher up the hierarchy you climbed, the lower your mortality. Marmot calls this the Status Syndrome. Those in the lowest strata who stayed there had triple the mortality of those who ascended to the higher echelons of power.
What is Whitehall civil service?
Consequently, the name “Whitehall” is used as a metonym for the British civil service and government, and as the geographic name for the surrounding area.
What are three examples of how low income may affect health behaviors?
Poverty and low-income status are associated with various adverse health outcomes, including shorter life expectancy, higher infant mortality rates, and higher death rates for the 14 leading causes of death. Individual- and community-level mechanisms mediate these effects.
What are the Whitehall studies and what do they reveal about the connection between health and wealth?
Which of the following was the conclusion researchers reached in the Whitehall study of British civil servants conducted by Marmot and others quizlet?
Which of the following was the conclusion researchers reached in the Whitehall study of British civil servants, conducted by Marmot and others? One of the top ten public health achievements is a safer workplace for U.S. employees.
What is the key principle or finding from Sapolsky’s study of baboons as it relates to stress?
Sapolsky’s research uncovered that dominant males had the lowest stress levels, while submissive baboons were in worse health with increased heart rates and higher blood pressure. “Basically if you’re a stressed unhealthy baboon in a typical troop,” Sapolsky said, “you have an immune system that doesn’t work as well.
What was Dr Sapolsky’s hypothesis when he decided to study baboons?
And so Sapolsky set out to test the hypothesis that the stress involved in being at the bottom of the baboon hierarchy led to health problems. At the time, stress was mostly ignored as a scientific subject. It was seen as an unpleasant mental state with few long- term consequences.
Who is UK top civil servant?
The highest ranking civil servant in the country is the Cabinet Secretary.
How many civil servants aged 35-55 in the Whitehall II study?
Between 1985 and 1988 we investigated the degree and causes of the social gradient in morbidity in a new cohort of 10314 civil servants (6900 men, 3414 women) aged 35-55 (the Whitehall II study). Participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire and attend a screening examination.
What does the Whitehall study tell us?
The Whitehall study examined mortality rates over 10 years among male British Civil Servants aged 20-64. The study was an attempt to avoid some of the problems created by the use of general social class groupings, e.g., the heterogeneity of occupations within a single class leaves room for differing interpretations.
What is the difference between Whitehall I and Whitehall II?
Whitehall II, a study of 10,314 British civil servants aged 35-55 published in The Lancet in 1991, represents this attempt. Importantly, while Whitehall I studied only male civil servants, Whitehall II also included women.
What do the Whitehall studies tell us about social determinants of Health?
The Whitehall Studies investigated social determinants of health, specifically the cardiovascular disease prevalence and mortality rates among British civil servants.